Zoznam najväčších hviezd

Toto je zoznam najväčších známych hviezd, zoradených podľa polomeru, uvedeného v násobkoch polomeru Slnka (1 R = 695 700 km[1]). Obežné dráhy planét sú uvedené len pre informáciu.

Zoznamy hviezd •

Presné poradie tohto zoznamu nie je úplne správne, pretože v súčasnosti pretrvávajú veľké neistoty, najmä pri odvodzovaní rôznych dôležitých parametrov používaných pri výpočtoch, ako je hviezdna svietivosť a efektívna teplota. Hviezdne polomery sa často dajú vyjadriť iba ako priemerná hodnota alebo vo veľkom rozsahu hodnôt. Hodnoty hviezdnych polomerov sú vo viacerých zdrojoch veľmi odlišné, väčšinou je to kvôli tomu, že hranice veľmi jemnej atmosféry (opacity) sa značne líšia v závislosti od vlnovej dĺžky svetla, v ktorej je hviezda pozorovaná.

Polomery niekoľkých hviezd sa dajú získať priamo pomocou hviezdnej interferometrie. Iné metódy môžu využívať zákryty Mesiacom alebo zo zákrytových dvojhviezd, ktoré sa môžu použiť na testovanie iných nepriamych metód zisťovania skutočnej veľkosti hviezd. Len zopár veľkých hviezd leží na ekliptike, čiže ich môže zakryť Mesiac, napríklad Aldebaran a Antares. Príklady zákrytových dvojhviezd sú Almaaz, VV Cephei a HR 5171.





Zoznam
Názov hviezdy Polomer
(Slnko = 1)		 Metóda Poznámky
Stephenson 2-182 150[2]L/TeffNachádza sa v masívnej otvorenej hviezdokope Stephenson 2
LGGS J004539.99+415404.11 980[3] (– 2 377[4])L/TeffNachádza sa v Galaxii Andromeda
Obežná dráha Saturnu1 940 – 2 169–Uvedené pre porovnanie
MSX LMC 597 (W60 A27)1 882 – 1 953[5]L/TeffNachádza sa vo Veľkom Magellanovom mraku
LGGS J004520.67+414717.31 870[3] (– 2 510[4])L/TeffNachádza sa v Galaxii Andromeda
UY Scuti1 708 ± 192[6]ADTáto hodnota bola stanovená na základe zdanlivých rozmerov a vzdialenosti hviezdy. Odhad stanovený pomocou družice Gaia je však len 755 R⊙.[7] Avšak paralaxa nameraná družicou Gaia býva často menej presná kvôli astrometrickému rušeniu.[8]
LGGS J003919.11+404319.21 685[9]L/TeffNachádza sa v Galaxii Andromeda
WOH S71 (LMC 23095)1 662[10] – 1 896[11]
HV 2242 (WOH S69)1 645[11]L/TeffNachádza sa vo Veľkom Magellanovom mraku
WOH G641 540[12] (– 2 575[13])L/TeffNachádza sa vo Veľkom Magellanovom mraku
RW Cephei1 535[14][15]
Westerlund 1-261 530 – 1 580[16]
(– 2 550[2][17])		L/Teff
RSGC1-F021 498[18]L/Teff
HD 1431831 469 – 1 478[19]
RSGC1-F011 435[18]L/Teff
VY Canis Majoris1 420[20][21] – 1 679[22]
KY Cygni1 420 – 2 850[20]
AH Scorpii1 411 ± 124[6]
IRAS 05280-69101 367[10] – 1 739[23]L/TeffNachádza sa vo Veľkom Magellanovom mraku
IRAS 04509-69221 360[24]L/Teff
HV 8881 353[13]L/Teff
V1302 Aquilae1 342[22]
HR 5171 A1 315[25] – 1 575[26]
SMC 181361 310[27]L/Teff
Garnetová hviezda (Mí Cephei)1 260[28] – 1 650[29]L/Teff a AD
SP77 46-44 (WOH S341)1 258[13]L/Teff
BI Cygni1 240[20]
LMC 1360421 240[27]L/Teff
SMC 50921 220[27]L/Teff
S Persei1 212 ± 124[30]DSKE
LMC 1357201 200[27]
LMC 1754641 200[27]
NML Cygni1 183[22]
EV Carinae1 168[13]
BC Cygni1 140[20] – 1 230[28]
SMC 108891 130[27]
RT Carinae1 090[20]
V396 Centauri1 070[20]
SMC 8931 070[27]
Obežná dráha Jupitera1 064 – 1 173
PZ Cassiopeiae1 062[7] – 1 260[31]
CK Carinae1 060[20]
VV Cephei A1 050[32] – 1 400[33]
V1789 Cygni1 040[chýba zdroj]
KW Sagittarii1 009[6] – 1 460[20]
NR Vulpeculae0 980[20]
SMC 123220 980[27]
HV 25610 957[13]
HV 9160 944[13]
IX Carinae0 920[20]
HV 9960 894[13]
OH 104.9+2.4 (RAFGL 2885)0 891[22]
HV 125010 890[13]
Betelgeuse (Alfa Orionis)0 887 ± 203[34]
V437 Scuti (OH 26.5+0.6)0 874[22]
LL Pegasi0 869[22]
HV 9860 867[13]
V602 Carinae0 860[20]
V669 Cassiopeiae0 859[22]
HV 23600 857[13]
HV 58700 856[13]
VX Sagittarii0 853[22] – 1 520[35]
RAFGL 53790 830[22]
SMC 117090 830[27]
LP Andromedae0 815[22]
TZ Cassiopeiae0 800[20]
BO Carinae0 790[20]
SU Persei0 780[20]
RS Persei0 770[36] – 1 000[20]
TV Geminorum0 770[20]
V355 Cephei0 770[20]
HD 956870 760[20]
V838 Monocerotis0 750 ± 200[37]
SMC 119390 750[27]
V382 Carinae0 747[38]
V648 Cassiopeiae0 710[20]
V528 Carinae0 700[20]
Ďalšie hviezdy pod 700 R⊙ sú vypísané len niektoré pre porovnanie.
V354 Cephei0 689[35] – 1 520[20]
V821 Herculis (IRC +20370)0 686[22]
Antares (Alfa Scorpii)0 680[39] (premenná o 19 %[40])
RW Cygni0 680[28] – 980[20]
6 Geminorum0 670[20]
Ró Cassiopeiae0 660,87[41]
V441 Persei0 650[20]
TZ Cassiopeiae0 645[28] – 800[20]
RW Leonis Minoris0 641[22]
V349 Carinae0 640[20]
R Hydrae0 631[22]
NO Aurigae0 630[20]
W Persei0 620[20]
BU Persei0 620[20]
BD+35°40770 620 – 1 040[20]
NV Aurigae0 615[22]
V589 Cassiopeiae0 610[20]
V Hydrae0 609[22]
X Pavonis0 608[22]
MZ Cassiopeiae0 600[20]
V356 Cephei0 590[20]
V419 Cephei0 590[20]
GU Cephei0 570[20]
SMC 137400 550[27]
II Lupi0 547[22]
YZ Persei0 540[20]
V361 Carinae0 540[20]
SMC 111010 540[27]
119 Tauri0 539,580[42] – 593[43]
V1300 Aquilae (IRC -10529)0 529[22]
WX Piscium0 520[22]
V774 Cassiopeiae0 520[20]
Y1 Aurigae0 511[chýba zdroj]
T Persei0 510 ± 20[36]
V1427 Aquilae (RAFGL 2343)0 507[22]
V362 Aurigae0 500[20]
V384 Puppis0 500 – 850[20]
OH 44.8-2.3 (RAFGL 2374)0 467[22]
TX Camelopardalis0 460[22]
J Cassiopeiae0 460[chýba zdroj]
IK Tauri0 451[22]
HD 3032500 450,89[44] – 750[20]
Pí1 Gruis0 447[22]
V910 Centauri0 440[20]
V778 Cassiopeiae0 420[20]
W Aquilae0 419[22]
BD+10°37640 410[20]
NX Serpentis0 403[22]
V Cygni0 402[22]
V509 Cassiopeiae0 400 – 900[45]
CW Leonis0 390 – 826[22]
R Doradus0 370 ± 50[46]
Mira A (Omikron Ceti)0 332 – 402[47] – 541[22]
T Cephei0 329 ± 60[48]
GLMP 1048 (IRAS 21554+6204)0 311[22]
R Cassiopeiae0 310[22]
La Superba (Y Canum Venaticorum)0 307[22] – 390Gaia DR2 uvádza len 128,60 R⊙[44]
BD+59°2740 299,80[44] – 360[20]Nachádza sa v otvorenej hviezdokope Messier 103
R Leonis0 299[22]
ST Cephei0 290[20]
V438 Ophiuchi0 286[22]
Ras Algethi (Alfa Herculis)0 284[49] ± 60[50]
V466 Cassiopeiae0 257,22[44] – 380[20]
Slnko vo fáze červeného obra0 256[51]
V439 Persei0 254,06[44] – 380[20]
HD 74180 (b Velorum)0 250,49[52]
Cygnus OB2 #120 246[53]L/TeffNachádza sa v hviezdnej asociácii Cygnus OB2
Eta Carinae0 240[54]
W Hydrae0 229[22] – 560[55]
V809 Cassiopeiae0 223,10[44] – 410[20]
SW Virginis0 219,06[44] – 327,791[42]Na tomto prípade je možné vidieť odchýlky v meraní družice Gaia kvôli astrometrickému rušeniu, nakoľko obidva polomery pochádzajú z jej pozorovaní.
Omikron Centauri0 217,49[56]
Obežná dráha Zeme0 215 (211 – 219)
UX Cassiopeiae0 204,33[44]L/Teff
RR Cygni0 202,22[44]L/Teff
Wezen (Delta Canis Majoris)0 201,74[57]Nachádza sa v otvorenej hviezdokope Collinder 121
Obývateľná zóna Slnečnej sústavy0 200 – 520[58] (neisté)
Sigma Canis Majoris0 187,66[59] – 420[20]Nachádza sa v otvorenej hviezdokope Collinder 121
V403 Persei0 185,64[44] – 380[20]
Enif (Epsilon Pegasi)0 185[60]
Omikron1 Canis Majoris0 184,61[44] 280[20]Nachádza sa v otvorenej hviezdokope Collinder 121
SV Cygni0 181,85[44]L/Teff
RS Cygni0 178,92[44]L/Teff
OH 55.0+0.7 (RAFGL 2403)0 174[22]
Case 300 173,81[44]L/Teff
BD+59°3720 156,99[44] – 290[20]
U Antliae0 154,23[44] – 325[22]
Obežná dráha Venuše0 154 – 157
HD 179580 152,70[44] – 360[20]
V424 Lacertae0 152,63[61] – 260[20]Ďalší zdroj uvádza 221,28 R⊙[44]
RV Cygni0 151,92[44]L/Teff
Sadr (Gama Cygni)0 150[62]
Suhail (Lambda Velorum)0 143,73[63]
Almaaz (Epsilon Aurigae)0 143 – 358[64]
RY Cygni0 141,72[44]L/Teff
R Sculptoris0 138,61[44] – 617[22]
VY Ursae Majoris0 134,34[44]L/Teff
HO Andromedae0 124,89[44]L/Teff
Avior (Epsilon Carinae)0 120,55[65]
Arneb (Alfa Leporis)0 120,05[66]
V Ursae Minoris0 116,47[44]L/Teff
S Scuti0 114,70[44] – 386[22]
HD 195570 111,38[44]L/Teff
157 Carinae (l Carinae, HD 84810)0 111,06[67]
Case 7150 111,06[44]L/Teff
HD 63032 (c Puppis)0 111,02[44] – 169,84[68]Nachádza sa v otvorenej hviezdokope NGC 2451
NGC 104 R 210 108,88[44]Nachádza sa v guľovej hviezdokope 47 Tucanae
SZ Cygni0 106,92[44]L/Teff
Chi Cygni0 105,78[69] – 737[22]
Deneb (Alfa Cygni)0 102,97[70] – 203[71]
Pod 100 R⊙ sú vypísané len známe hviezdy pre porovnanie alebo hviezdy, ktorým nejaký zdroj udáva pod 100 R⊙ a iný nad 100 R⊙.
U Hydrae0 096[44] – 395[22]
CPD-53°87080 092,83[44]Nachádza sa v guľovej hviezdokope NGC 6397
CD-53°64740 092,12[44] – 100[20]
HD 332990 092,10[44] – 190[20]Ďalší zdroj uvádza 142,21 R⊙[72]
RZ Sagittarii0 090,77[44] – 363[22]
KQ Puppis0 087,11[73] – 327,39[44]
R Coronae Borealis0 085[74]Gaia DR2 uvádza len 23,66 R⊙[44]
72 Leonis0 084,47[75] – 195[76]
Gacrux (Gama Crucis)0 084[77]
R Scuti0 084[22] – 140,51[78]
RX Bootis0 083,41[44] – 347[22]
Alamak (Gama Andromedae)0 080,31[79]
Theta Muscae0 079,18[80]
Rigel (Beta Orionis)0 078,9[81]
HR 8248 (HD 205349)0 077,17[82] – 200[20]Ďalší zdroj uvádza 139,56 R⊙[44]
S Centauri0 077,04[44] – 152,49[83]
242 Centauri (HD 118520)0 076,83[44] – 105,77[84]Nachádza sa v otvorenej hviezdokope Platais 10
Mekbuda (Zéta Geminorum)0 076,23[85]
CPD-53°73640 076,09[44] – 100[20]
NGC 6752 590 076[44]Nachádza sa v guľovej hviezdokope NGC 6752
HD 1748780 074,47[44]
SX Ursae Minoris0 072,38[44]
227 Centauri (d Cen, HD 117440)0 070,13[86]
TT Ursae Minoris0 070,10[44]
ST Ursae Majoris0 067,22[87] – 113,92[44]
SV Ursae Majoris0 067,09[44]
NGC 6397 K 89580 066,98[44]Nachádza sa v guľovej hviezdokope NGC 6397
Obežná dráha Merkúra0 066 – 100
Eta Aquilae0 065,92[88]
Canopus (Alfa Carinae)0 065,27[89] – 71[90]
Lambda Ursae Minoris0 063,75[44]
Azaleh (Zeta Aurigae)0 063,04[91] – 90,11[44]
SV Ursae Minoris0 061,80[44]
RR Ursae Minoris0 059,79[44]
59 Sagittarii0 059,44[92] – 100,19[44]
CD-53°73460 057,32[44]Nachádza sa v guľovej hviezdokope NGC 6397
NGC 6752 CL 10890 056,44[44]Nachádza sa v guľovej hviezdokope NGC 6752
Propus (Éta Geminorum)0 056[93]
Mirfak (Alfa Persei)0 055,84[94]
Menkar (Alfa Ceti)0 054,02[95]
Beta Doradus0 050,87[96]
TYC 8729-1775-10 049,82[44]Nachádza sa v guľovej hviezdokope NGC 6397
Etamin (Gama Draconis, Eltanin)0 048,13[97]
258 Sagittarii0 046,19[98]
Beta Gruis0 046,12[99]
Aspidiske (Ióta Carinae)0 046,07[100]
LBV 1806-200 046 – 145[101]
Scheat (Beta Pegasi)0 045,78[102]
Mirach (Beta Andromedae)0 045,62[103]
Al Tarf (Beta Cancri)0 045,30[44] – 61[104]Ďalší zdroj uvádza 48,96 R⊙[105]
196 Carinae (s Carinae, HD 90853)0 045,05[44] – 48,67[106]
HD 1247300 044,47[44]
Aldebaran (Alfa Tauri)0 044,13[107] ± 0,84[105]
Albireo A1 (Beta Cygni A1)0 044,05[108]
Miram (Éta Persei)0 044[109] – 121[110]Ďalší zdroj uvádza 103,67 R⊙[44]
S Carinae0 043,23[111] – 53,87[44]
Tejat Posterior (Mí Geminorum)0 042,46[112]
Schedar (Alfa Cassiopeiae)0 042,10[113]
AV Microscopii0 041,40[114] – 77,51[44]
62 Sagittarii0 041,24[115] – 72,31[44]
HD 3067990 041,05[116] – 320[20]Ďalší zdroj uvádza 220,12 R⊙[44]
Alfard (Alfa Hydrae)0 041[117] – 55,93[105]
Gorgonea Tertia (Ró Persei)0 040,67[118]
T Ceti0 039,42[119] – 312[22]
Gianfar (Lambda Draconis)0 038,90[120] – 57,33[44]
NGC 6752 CS 30 037,85[44]Nachádza sa v guľovej hviezdokope NGC 6752
Tania Australis (Mí Ursae Majoris)0 037,51[121]
Polárka (Alfa Ursae Minoris)0 037,50[122][123]
BM Scorpii0 037,01[124] – 100[20]Ďalší zdroj uvádza 91,86 R⊙[44]
R Centauri0 035,31[125]
Alula Borealis (Ní Ursae Majoris)0 034,38[44] – 57,07[105]Ďalší zdroj uvádza 44,15 R⊙[126]
Zaurak (Gama Eridani)0 033,67[127]
T Coronae Borealis0 033,66[44] – 75
FS Comae Berenices0 033,43[128] – 140,69[44]
Sigma Scorpii0 033,10[129]
Gama Sagittae0 032,96[130] – 55,13[105]
Yed Prior (Delta Ophiuchi)0 031,71[131]
T Centauri0 031,69[44] – 43,35[132]
Alfa Lyncis0 030,10[133] – 54,50[105]
Kochab (Beta Ursae Minoris)0 029,25[134]
R136a10 028,80[135][136] – 35,40[137]
5 Ursae Minoris0 028,66[138] – 42,29[44]
D Centauri0 027,35[139] – 42,83[44]
Auva (Delta Virginis)0 026,79[140]
Arktúr (Alfa Boötis)0 025,40[141] ± 0,2[142]
Alfa Vulpeculae0 022,79[143] – 48,86[44]
V1339 Cygni0 022,31[144] – 95,09[44]
V744 Centauri0 021,74[145] – 107,65[44]
R Trianguli0 021,39[146]
RR Scorpii0 021,35[147]
Fí Velorum0 020,36[148]
G Herculis0 019,27[149] – 171[22]Ďalší zdroj uvádza 69,71 R⊙[44]
BD+59°2730 019,13[44]Nachádza sa v otvorenej hviezdokope Messier 103
Regor (Gama Velorum)0 018,12[150]
Mintaka (Delta Orionis)0 016,50[151]
Deneb Kaitos (Beta Ceti)0 015,26[152]
RS Cancri0 015,19[153] – 225,396[42]Ďalší zdroj uvádza 77,22 R⊙[44]
Naos (Zéta Puppis)0 014 – 26[154]
Capella (Alfa Aurigae)0 013,28[155]
Theta Apodis0 013,01[156]
VV Cephei B0 013[157] – 25[158]
Hadar (Beta Centauri)0 013[159]
Zeta Ophiuchi0 012,97[160]
AA Trianguli0 012,85[161] – 92,11[44]
Zubenelhakrabi (Gama Librae)0 010,95[162] – 13,09[44]
EP Aquarii0 010,76[163] – 291[22]Ďalší zdroj uvádza 87,47 R⊙[44]
Akrab0 010,55[164]
HDE 226868 (Cygnus X-1)0 010,13[165] – 22[166]
(– 56,60[44])
X Herculis0 009,80[167] – 98,25[44]
Alnitak (Zéta Orionis)0 007,61[168]
Almaaz B (Epsilon Aurigae B)0 003,9 ± 0,4[169]
Slnko0 001

Galéria
Postupnosť porovnaní rozmerov planét Slnečnej sústavy a niektorých z najväčších známych hviezd. Objekty sú v rovnakej mierke len v rámci jedného políčka. Posledný objekt z predchádzajúceho políčka je prvým objektom nasledovného.
1. Merkúr < Mars < Venuša < Zem
2. Zem < Neptún < Urán < Saturn < Jupiter
3. Jupiter < Proxima Centauri < Slnko < Sírius
4. Sírius < Pollux < Arktúr < Aldebaran
5. Aldebaran < Rigel < Antares < Betelgeuze
6. Betelgeuze < VY Canis Majoris < NML Cygni < UY Scuti
Predpokladaná veľkosť červeného hyperobra VY Canis Majoris (1 420 R) v súhvezdí Veľký pes v porovnaní so Slnkom (1 R)








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