Coandův efekt

Coandův efekt (anglicky Coandă effect) je tendence tryskajícího proudu tekutiny (např. vzduchu) „přidržovat se“ konvexního povrchu. Efekt je pojmenován po rumunském vynálezci Henri Coandovi, který jej popsal jako „tendenci proudu tekutiny, tryskajícího z trysky, následovat sousedící plochý nebo zakřivený povrch a vysávat tekutinu z okolí tak, že se vytvoří oblast nižšího tlaku“.[1][2]

Rotující pingpongový balónek je držen v diagonálním proudu vzduchu Coandovým efektem. Balónek se „přilepí“ na spodní stranu tryskajícího proudu vzduchu a to mu nedovolí spadnout dolů. Proud vzduchu drží balónek určitou vzdálenost od trysky a gravitace mu zabrání v tom, aby byl odfouknut pryč.

Coanda byl prvním, kdo si uvědomil možnosti praktické aplikace tohoto efektu v konstrukci letadel.[3][4]

Odkazy

Reference

V tomto článku byl použit překlad textu z článku Coandă effect na anglické Wikipedii.

Tritton, D.J., Physical Fluid Dynamics, Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1977 (reprinted 1980), Section 22.7, The Coandă Effect.
Definition of COANDA EFFECT [online]. Dostupné online. (anglicky)
"The Coanda effect is a phenomenon that was first observed in 1910 by a mathematician and engineer named Henri Coandă. He discovered that when air was ejected from a rectangular nozzle, it would attach itself to an inclined flat plate connected to the nozzle exit. Emphasizing the need for a sharp angle between the nozzle and the flat plate, Coandă then applied the principle to a series of deflecting surfaces, each at a sharp angle to the previous one, and succeeded in turning flows through angles as large as 180. He stated that "when a jet of fluid is passed over a curved surface, it bends to follow the surface, entraining large amounts of air as it does so," and this phenomenon has become known as the Coandă Effect. On Some Recent Applications of the Coanda Effect Caroline Lubert International Journal of Acoustics and Vibration, Vol. 16, No. 3, 2011 http://www.iiav.org/ijav/content/volumes/16_2011_1739941303237209/vol_3/237_firstpage_856831320254369.pdf
Coandă effect. (2013). Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th Edition. Digital version available here: http://www.answers.com/topic/coanda-effect archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120118131611/http://www.answers.com/topic/coanda-effect archivedate=2012-01-18

Externí odkazy

Obrázky, zvuky či videa k tématu Coandův efekt na Wikimedia Commons
(anglicky) Flight 1945
(anglicky) Coandă effect video (1)
(anglicky) Coandă effect video (2)
(anglicky) Information on the patents of Coandă
(anglicky) New UK based UAV project utilising the Coandă effect
(anglicky) Report on the Coandă Effect and lift
(anglicky) How to see the Coandă effect at home (www.physics.org comic)

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[1] Tritton, D.J., Physical Fluid Dynamics, Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1977 (reprinted 1980), Section 22.7, The Coandă Effect.

[2] Definition of COANDA EFFECT [online]. Dostupné online. (anglicky)

[3] "The Coanda effect is a phenomenon that was first observed in 1910 by a mathematician and engineer named Henri Coandă. He discovered that when air was ejected from a rectangular nozzle, it would attach itself to an inclined flat plate connected to the nozzle exit. Emphasizing the need for a sharp angle between the nozzle and the flat plate, Coandă then applied the principle to a series of deflecting surfaces, each at a sharp angle to the previous one, and succeeded in turning flows through angles as large as 180. He stated that "when a jet of fluid is passed over a curved surface, it bends to follow the surface, entraining large amounts of air as it does so," and this phenomenon has become known as the Coandă Effect. On Some Recent Applications of the Coanda Effect Caroline Lubert International Journal of Acoustics and Vibration, Vol. 16, No. 3, 2011 http://www.iiav.org/ijav/content/volumes/16_2011_1739941303237209/vol_3/237_firstpage_856831320254369.pdf

[4] Coandă effect. (2013). Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th Edition. Digital version available here: http://www.answers.com/topic/coanda-effect archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120118131611/http://www.answers.com/topic/coanda-effect archivedate=2012-01-18